A beach in the North Pacific, Pigeon Guillemot is found from Alaska along the rocky coast of California. It spends a lot more time on the shore than others. Pigeon Guillemot, or Selphus Columba, is usually found very close to rocky shores along the Pacific coast from Alaska to California. Pigeon Guillemot. Selphus Columba. This auk is usually found very close to rocky shores along the Pacific coast from Alaska to California.
Pigeon Guillemet (Selphus columba) is a species of alcid in the Auc family. Cephasus is one of the three species of the genus, most closely related to the spectacular Guillemot.
There are five subspecies of Pigeon Guillemette; All subspecies, when in breeding plumage, are brownish brown with a black iridissant sheen, with a wings patch separated by a brownish-black upper.
Its reproductive plumage has a cat gray and black upper part and a white under part. Long bills are black, such as claws. The inside of the legs, feet and mouth are red.
It closely resembles the Black Guillemot, which is somewhat smaller and lacks the Dark Wing wedge present in the Pigeon Guillemet. Together, the two form a SuperPC.
This marine bird is found in the coastal waters of the North Pacific from Siberia to California to Alaska. Pigeons breed Guillemot and sometimes roost on islands near rocky shores, drafts, and shallow waters.
In the winter, some birds move a little farther south in the north-most part of their range in response to the progress of the ice, and move a bit northward in the southern part of their range, generally preferring more shelters.
This species feed on small fish and marine invertebrates, mostly near the sea, followed by diving. Pigeon Guillemots are a homogeneous breeder, nesting in small colonies near the shore. They protect small areas around the nesting cavity, where they lay one or two eggs.
Both parents spread the eggs and feed the chicks. After leaving the nest, the young bird hatches a number of birds and other animals that are completely independent of its parents.
Pigeon Guillemot is considered a low-concern species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. This is because of its large, stable population and wide range. These bird threats include climate change, induced mammalian predators and oil spills.
Description
Pigeon Guillemet is a medium-sized oak, 30 to 37 cm (12 to 15 inches) in length, and weighs 450 to 550 grams (16 to 19 oz). Both sexes are similar in appearance and mass, except for California birds where wives appear to have larger bills than males.
Adult summer or reproductive plumage is mostly brownish brown with a black sheen, a white-toothed patch broken by brown-black heights. In winter, the upper parts are black in color, often with black edges giving a scalloped look, and the underparts and rumps are white.
The forehead, crown, lores, eye line, and ear cover are black with white tips, sometimes the tips are narrower and the head looks black. All the plumage petals are straight and dark.
Malt lays, takes about a month, and does not allow birds to fly for about four weeks. The birds nest in their breeding plumage from January to March. Legs and feet reddish, with black nails. The iris is brown and has a thin unmarked white eye-ring around the eye. The bill is long and black and the interior of the face is red.
The juvenile pigeon guillemot is similar to a winter adult, but the feathers in its section are brown in color, the upper part has a more brown feather appearance, and its wingspan is more gray-brown.
Two to three months after the escape, after its first molt it loses the feathers of the brown under part. In its first summer plumage, the bloom occurs later in March and May than in adults, and the first summer birds have a glossy shiny wound in the elderly.
Differences between subspecies are based on body measurements such as the length of the bud and the wings. They are larger in the southern subspecies and smaller in the north.
The amount of white color and the underwings covering the outer primaries increases in the northern subspecies, except for Selphus Columba Snowe, where the white is reduced or completely absent.
Pigeon Guillemet walks well and is practically in a steep posture. It is often fixed on the strings while seated. The wings of the pigeon Guillemet are shorter and rounder, reflecting more adaptation to diving than flying.
It is difficult to travel in calm conditions without runways, but once in the air it is faster than the black guillemet, which was recorded at speeds of about 20 km / h (12 miles) to 20 km / h (12 mph).
Distribution and Accommodation
Pigeon Guillemot is bordered throughout the North Pacific, the Kuril Islands in Syria, and the Kamchatka Peninsula from Alaska to California to the western North American border.
The winter range of this bird is more limited than its breeding season, with Pigeon Guillemot generally wintering on the sea or coast, from Prabliff and Aleutian Islands to Hokkaido and southern California.
In Alaska, some migrate to the south because of marine-ice advances, while others are in ice lead or icy holes some distance from the edge of the ice sheet. Further south, the birds of the Farallon Islands in central California have been documented as far north as Oregon and even British Columbia.
This is usually Philopatric, which means that it returned to the colony where it was bred, but it sometimes moved long distances after escaping before settling down, for example, a breeder bound for Farallones was recorded in British Columbia.
These bird breeding habitats are rocky shores, hikes, and islands about 50 meters (160 feet) deep near shallow water. It is flexible about the location of its breeding sites, which provide protection from predators and is generally seen on sea islands rather than coastal water bodies in the winter.
It extends over rocky shores, often in shelters. Sandy aquifers can be avoided because it probably does not provide the right habitat to feed. It is sometimes found even more occasionally up to the breaks of the continental shelf. In the Bering Sea and Alaska, it feeds open sheets on ice.
Behavior
Pigeon Guillemots are usually Durandal, but feeding is recorded before dawn and after sunset. They usually sleep in sheltered water or onshore.
They sleep in groups. They usually rest individually at intervals, but joint joints are very close together rest Bathing and preparation may also occur at the shore or at sea.
Breeding
Pigeon Guillemot usually lays eggs in rocky cavities near water, but it often nests in any available cavity, including the cave, the annoying oldies of other seabirds, and even the old bomb casing. It is noteworthy that on a beach in the North Pacific, Pigeon Guillemots do not nest with gull eggs, especially in the west.
This guillotine usually retains its nest site, meaning that nest sites are used multiple times, although it does not display this behavior if its partner does not return to the genealogy. The nests are found in a wide range in height from about 1 to 55 m (3.3 to 180.4 ft) above sea level.
Nest sites are protected by established pairs, such as nests within 1–4 m2 (11–43 sq ft). A small area around the entrance. Both sexes defend the nesting site, though most defensemen do.
Foreign eggs in these guillemot nests are usually removed. Nest competition occurs occasionally with casein ovule, pigeon guillemot almost always hatching eggs, and rarely pithing before removal.
On the other hand, larger auke species, tufts puffins and rhinoceros owlets have been reported to eradicate Pigeon Guillemot from its pigeon crevices.
The Pigeon Guillemot nest at different densities, from single individuals to dense colonies. Nest density is generally not affected by estimation, although at a very local level, there is little benefit of nesting near neighbors.
The colonies are present during the day, and the adults do not stay in the colony at night, except in the incubate or brooding birds.
Pigeon Guillemot usually reaches the colony in the morning, with the early tide falling in the afternoon during high tide. The presence of the colony is influenced by the tide, the tide is higher when the tide is lower and less is seen, perhaps the bird’s prey is more accessible during low tide, so more birds are away from the colony. Conditions vary most often before laying and the egg-laying is relatively stable.
The Pigeon Guillemot form long-term pairs, couples usually reunite every year, although occasionally divorces occur throughout. The formation of a pair bond is hardly understood.
It involves the pursuit of birds under and under the seawater as a form of play called “water sports,” and is thought to have a function in maintaining the pair’s bond with duet-trilling or as a representation of cohabitation. Red color on the face can also be a sexual signal.
Pigeons Guillimot usually breeds from late April to September, reaching the breeding range 40 to 50 days before the onset of breeding. At this time, it usually lays one or two eggs. Near the larger end of the egg, the eggs are gray and brown in color and range from creamy to pale blue-green. They average 61,2 mm × 41.0 mm but are longer if kept after the breeding season.
Infected by both sexes, the eggs usually hatch after 26 to 32 days. Both chickens were burned continuously for three days and then were able to control their own body temperature over an additional two to four days. Two parents are responsible for feeding the goat and bringing in single fish that are kept on the bill all day, but most of the time in the morning.
Roofs usually swear 34 to 42 days after being touched, although swearing time has been reported to take anywhere from 29 to 54 days. The children vow to leave the colony and fly to the sea, after which they become independent of their parents and do not receive any care after escaping. After this, the adults also leave the colony.
Young birds do not breed until at least three years after hatching, most are first breeding at the age of four. When they cannot return to breeding, two or three-year-old birds can begin to join the breeding colony before sex is mature, reaching the colony after breeding birds. The average lifespan of pigeons in adult pigeons reaches 5.7 years and the oldest recorded person lives 5 years.
Call and display
Pigeon Guillemot is a very vocal bird, especially during the breeding season, and makes several calls, some of which are paired with displays, to interact with other varieties.
One such display call pair is the obvious hatch-whistle, where the tail is slightly raised, the wings are slightly outstretched, and the head is thrown back 3-5 back while sifting, before returning horizontally.
The function of this call is to advertise ownership of a territory advertised Another call, Trail refers to ownership over a greater distance. Trails can be performed either singly or in pairs as duties; If played as dual music, the call helps strengthen the bond.
Upbringing
Pigeon Guillemot spreads on its own or in small groups, submerged for food, usually near the shore and within 3 km (5.6 miles) of the colony during the breeding season.
It has forage at depths ranging from 6 to 45 meters (20 to 148 feet), but it prefers a depth of 15 to 20 meters (50 and 70 feet). Dives can last from about 10 to 144 seconds and usually last about 87 seconds, with an interval between approximately 7 seconds.
Dives of two to ten seconds are usually common when feeding on sandals’ shoals on the surface of the water. Small prey is probably consumed underwater, but larger organisms are brought to the surface for feeding after being caught.
Pigeon Guillemot feeds the benthic prey found at the lowest levels in the body of the waters near the sea, but it also takes some prey from the upper column of the water column.
It mainly eats fish and other aquatic animals. Fish taken include sculptures, sandfish, cod, and capelin; Invertebrates include shrimps such as shrimp and pygmy rock crabs and rarely pallet insects, gastropods, bivalves, and squid.
As the availability of prey changes to sea conditions, the diet varies widely depending on the individual birds, the season and the individual birds from year to year. For example, invertebrates are more commonly used in winter.
The foraging method used by this species differs from that of other general auks. It hangs upside down on the marine floor, searches the head for prey, and uses legs and wings to maintain position.
Pigeon Guillemot diet varies slightly, with more fish than invertebrates, especially rockfish. Pigeon Guillemot specialized in prey hunting when foraging for its calves, resulting in higher reproductive success, allowing a higher lipid diet to increase further.
Adult Pigeon Guillemot needs about 20% or 90 grams (3.2 oz) of their own weight daily. This doubles the fishing rate when feeding nests. As the nest grows, they are fed more until the eleven days of hatching, when the food usually goes out of the way. Although they do get food, they start to decline after 30 days of hatching.
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Conservation
Pigeon Guillemot is considered a low-concern species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. It is thought to be due to a number of factors, including its large population of 470,000 people, its stable population, and its large range, this bird is thought to cover a range of 15,400,000 km 2 (5,950,000 square miles).
This bird is vulnerable to introduced mammal predators such as raccoons. Removing predators from the breeding islands allows the species to recover. Climate change has a negative impact on these birds and with increasing temperature, the breeding performance decreases.
